Wood burning stoves have been a reliable source of heat for centuries, and they’re making a comeback in camper van conversions. If you’re planning to install a wood burning stove in your camper, you’ve come to the right place. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide on the technical aspects of using wood stoves in campers, ensuring you have a safe and efficient heating solution on the road.
- Selecting the Right Wood Burning Stove
Before diving into the technical details, it’s crucial to choose the right wood burning stove for your camper. Factors to consider include size, weight, heat output, and safety features. Stoves designed for small spaces are ideal for campers. Make sure to check for certifications like UL or EPA compliance to ensure safety and efficiency.
- Proper Installation
Proper installation is paramount to ensure safety and efficiency. Here are the key installation steps:
a. Combustion Air Supply: Your wood stove needs a dedicated source of fresh air for combustion. This can be achieved by installing a vent that draws air from the outside or integrating an air supply duct.
b. Chimney and Venting: You’ll need a chimney or stovepipe to carry exhaust gases out of your camper. It should be installed according to the manufacturer’s specifications and should always be routed through the roof with proper clearance.
c. Heat Shields: Install non-combustible heat shields around the stove to protect your camper’s walls and floor. This is a vital safety measure.
- Fuel Selection
Selecting the right wood for your stove is essential for optimal performance. Hardwood such as oak, maple, or hickory burns longer and hotter compared to softwood. Properly seasoned wood with a moisture content below 20% is ideal for efficient combustion.
- Operating Your Wood Stove
Operating a wood stove in a camper requires careful attention to detail:
a. Starting a Fire: Use kindling and small pieces of dry wood to start a fire. Avoid using accelerants like gasoline.
b. Controlling the Fire: Once the fire is established, adjust the air intake and damper to control the burn rate and heat output.
c. Regular Cleaning: Regularly clean the stove and chimney to prevent creosote buildup, which can lead to chimney fires.
- Safety Considerations
Safety should be your top priority when using a wood stove in a camper:
a. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detector: Install a CO detector in your camper to alert you to dangerous levels of CO, which is produced during combustion.
b. Fire Extinguisher: Keep a fire extinguisher on hand in case of emergencies.
c. Clearances: Maintain proper clearances between the stove, walls, and combustible materials. Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines.
d. Fire-Resistant Flooring: Install fire-resistant materials under and around the stove to prevent floor damage.
- Maintenance
Regular maintenance is crucial to keep your wood stove in top condition. Clean the ash regularly, inspect the stove and chimney for signs of wear, and replace gaskets and seals as needed.
- Legal and Environmental Considerations
Check local and state regulations regarding the use of wood stoves in campers, as there may be restrictions or requirements you need to adhere to. Be environmentally conscious and burn wood responsibly, avoiding treated or painted wood.
Conclusion
Installing a wood burning stove in your camper can be a cozy and efficient way to stay warm during your adventures. By selecting the right stove, following proper installation procedures, and adhering to safety guidelines, you can enjoy the comfort of a wood stove while on the road. Always prioritize safety and maintain your wood stove to ensure it serves you well for many journeys to come.