Box Elder (Acer negundo) is a deciduous tree native to North America, and it is sometimes considered for use as firewood. However, it has distinct characteristics that set it apart from more conventional firewood options. In this article, we will provide a technical insight into using Box Elder for firewood, discussing its properties, considerations, and how to make the most of this wood in your wood-burning stove.
Characteristics of Box Elder
Before using Box Elder for firewood, it’s important to understand its characteristics:
Moisture Content: Box Elder has a higher moisture content than some other hardwoods. It typically requires a longer seasoning period to achieve the optimal moisture level for efficient burning. Seasoning for at least a year is advisable.
Density: Box Elder is considered a softwood, and its density is lower than many hardwoods traditionally used for firewood. This means it has a lower energy content and burns more quickly.
Burning Qualities: When properly seasoned, Box Elder can burn relatively well, but it may require more frequent reloading in the stove due to its faster burn rate.
Burning Characteristics: Box Elder tends to produce moderate heat with a fair amount of flames. It’s suitable for kindling or mixing with other hardwoods for a balanced burn.
Considerations for Using Box Elder
If you decide to use Box Elder for firewood, there are some important considerations:
Proper Seasoning: Given its higher moisture content, ensure that Box Elder firewood is well-seasoned before use. Moisture meters can be handy for monitoring the moisture levels.
Combining with Hardwoods: To improve combustion efficiency and heat output, it’s often recommended to mix Box Elder with hardwoods, such as oak or maple. The hardwoods provide a more sustained and longer-lasting burn.
Moderate Heat: While Box Elder can produce heat, it might not provide the same high heat output as some hardwoods. This makes it better suited for use during milder weather or in smaller spaces.
Creosote Buildup: Be aware that Box Elder can produce more creosote than some hardwoods. Regular chimney cleaning is crucial to prevent creosote buildup, which can be a fire hazard.
Readiness for Burning: Ensure that the wood is fully seasoned and has lost its green appearance before using it as firewood. The green wood has a higher moisture content and will not burn efficiently.
Cutting and Splitting
When preparing Box Elder for firewood, consider the following:
Cutting Time: Box Elder is often best cut during late winter or early spring when the sap content is lower, making it easier to season.
Splitting: It’s important to split Box Elder wood into smaller pieces to allow for quicker and more effective seasoning. Smaller splits also make it easier to handle and burn.
Storage
Proper storage of Box Elder firewood is essential to maintain its quality:
Elevated Storage: Store your firewood off the ground to prevent moisture absorption from the soil.
Well-Ventilated Storage: Ensure air can circulate around the wood to maintain proper seasoning.
Covered Storage: Protect the top of the woodpile from rain and snow, but leave the sides open for ventilation.
In Conclusion
Using Box Elder for firewood can be a viable option, especially when properly seasoned and used in combination with hardwoods. Its faster burn rate and moderate heat output make it suitable for certain heating situations. However, it’s important to understand and address its characteristics and considerations to ensure a safe and efficient wood-burning experience in your stove.