Installing an outside wood burning furnace can be a cost-effective and eco-friendly way to heat your home. Whether you’re technically inclined or a novice, this step-by-step guide will provide you with clear and concise instructions to ensure a successful installation.
Step 1: Choose the Right Location
Selecting the ideal location for your outside wood burning furnace is crucial. Consider the following factors:
Distance from the House: Place the furnace at a safe distance from your home to prevent fire hazards, typically a minimum of 30 feet.
Accessibility: Ensure easy access for wood delivery and maintenance.
Clearance: Leave adequate clearance around the furnace to prevent obstructions and facilitate proper ventilation.
Step 2: Prepare the Foundation
To support the weight of the furnace, create a stable foundation. You have two primary options:
Concrete Pad: Pour a concrete pad of adequate size based on the manufacturer‘s recommendations. This provides a solid, level surface.
Gravel Bed: Alternatively, use a bed of compacted gravel or crushed stone. Ensure it’s level and well-compacted.
Step 3: Install the Plenum
The plenum connects the furnace to your home’s existing ductwork. Here’s how to install it:
Position the plenum on the foundation, ensuring it’s level.
Cut holes in the plenum for the supply and return air ducts.
Attach the supply and return air ducts to the plenum. Seal the connections with foil tape to prevent air leaks.
Run the ducts to your home, burying them below the frost line to prevent freezing.
Step 4: Set Up the Furnace
Position the wood burning furnace on the foundation and make the necessary connections:
Connect the plenum to the furnace’s outlets.
Install the chimney according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Ensure it’s at the recommended height for proper draft and safety.
Set up the water circulation system if your furnace has one, connecting it to your home’s heating system.
Step 5: Build a Woodshed
To protect your wood from the elements and ensure it stays dry, consider building a woodshed adjacent to the furnace. This makes loading wood easier, especially in inclement weather.
Step 6: Connect Electrical and Controls
Properly connect the electrical components and controls:
Wire the blower and circulation pump to your electrical panel according to local electrical codes.
Set up any thermostats or control panels according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Step 7: Test the System
Before relying on your outside wood burning furnace for heat, run some initial tests:
Start a small fire to check for proper ignition and combustion.
Ensure the blower and circulation pump are functioning correctly.
Verify that heat is being delivered to your home via the ductwork.
Step 8: Safety and Compliance
Before using your furnace regularly, confirm the following:
Ensure your installation complies with local building codes and regulations.
Install a backflow prevention device to prevent boiler water from flowing back into your home’s potable water system.
If applicable, install a firebreak between the furnace and your home.
Step 9: Regular Maintenance
Maintaining your wood burning furnace is essential for efficiency and safety. Here are some key maintenance tasks:
Clean the firebox and heat exchanger regularly to remove ash and creosote buildup.
Inspect the chimney and flue to ensure they’re free from obstructions.
Lubricate moving parts as recommended by the manufacturer.
Monitor gaskets and seals for wear and replace them when necessary.
By following these steps, you can successfully install an outside wood burning furnace to provide efficient and eco-friendly heating for your home. Always consult the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific furnace model, and consider seeking professional help if you’re uncertain about any aspect of the installation.