Burning anthracite coal in a wood stove is a viable alternative heating method, especially for those living in regions where coal is readily available. However, it’s crucial to follow the correct procedures to ensure safety and efficiency. In this article, we’ll discuss the technical aspects of burning anthracite coal in a wood stove, providing clear and concise guidance for both technical and non-technical audiences.
- Understanding Anthracite Coal
Anthracite coal is a hard, black, and shiny variety of coal that is known for its high carbon content and clean-burning properties. It produces less smoke and creosote compared to other types of coal, making it a popular choice for heating.
- Wood Stove Suitability
Not all wood stoves are designed for burning coal. Before attempting to burn anthracite coal in your wood stove, ensure it is specifically approved for multi-fuel usage, which includes coal. Consult your wood stove’s manufacturer or user manual to confirm its suitability.
- Preparing the Wood Stove
a. Cleaning: Start by thoroughly cleaning the wood stove, removing any residual wood ash and debris. This will ensure proper air circulation.
b. Grate Installation: Some wood stoves come with a removable grate specifically designed for burning coal. If your stove has one, install it according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Building the Anthracite Coal Fire
a. Layering: Begin by placing a thin layer of anthracite coal on the stove’s grate. Ensure that the coal is spread evenly for proper combustion.
b. Draft Control: Adjust the stove’s draft control to maintain a consistent and controlled burn. Opening the draft too wide will result in excessive heat and wasted coal, while closing it too much may lead to incomplete combustion and the creation of dangerous gases.
c. Ignition: Ignite the coal with a suitable fire starter or a small amount of kindling wood. Allow the fire to establish itself, gradually adding more coal as the temperature increases.
d. Shake Down: Periodically, gently shake the stove to allow ash to fall through the grate, maintaining good airflow and combustion. Consult your wood stove’s manual for specific guidance on shaking procedures.
- Maintaining the Coal Fire
a. Adequate Air Supply: Ensure that there is a steady supply of oxygen to the coal bed. This will help maintain a consistent burn and prevent the formation of harmful gases.
b. Loading Coal: Add more anthracite coal as needed to keep the fire going. Remember to maintain a balanced airflow by adjusting the draft control.
- Safety Precautions
Burning coal in a wood stove requires adherence to safety guidelines:
a. Install Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detector: Coal burning can produce carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas. Install a CO detector in the room for safety.
b. Regular Cleaning: Periodically clean the stove, chimney, and flue to prevent the buildup of creosote and other combustible materials.
c. Ash Disposal: Safely dispose of coal ash, as it may still contain live embers. Use a metal container with a tight-fitting lid.
d. Fire Extinguisher: Keep a fire extinguisher in the vicinity of the stove for emergencies.
Conclusion
Burning anthracite coal in a wood stove can be an effective and economical way to heat your home. However, it’s essential to ensure that your wood stove is suitable for multi-fuel usage, and to follow proper procedures for ignition, maintenance, and safety. By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the benefits of coal heat safely and efficiently.