If you own a wood-burning stove, fireplace, or fire pit, one of the most crucial decisions you’ll make is choosing the right firewood. The type and quality of firewood can significantly impact your heating efficiency and the environment. In this guide, we’ll provide clear and concise information for both technical and non-technical readers on buying the best firewood.
Firewood Types
Hardwood vs. Softwood
Hardwood:
Density: Hardwoods, like oak, maple, and hickory, are denser and heavier. They provide a longer, slower burn with consistent heat output.
Heat Content: Hardwoods have a higher heat content per cord due to their density, making them efficient for heating.
Clean Burn: They tend to produce less creosote and ash, resulting in a cleaner burn and less maintenance.
Softwood:
Density: Softwoods, like pine and spruce, are less dense and lighter. They burn faster and are better suited for kindling or quick, hot fires.
Heat Content: Softwoods have a lower heat content per cord, which may require more frequent reloading.
Resin Content: Some softwoods contain resin, which can lead to creosote buildup in the chimney.
Seasoning Firewood
Moisture Content
Properly seasoned firewood is crucial for efficient burning. Freshly cut wood has a high moisture content, which can lead to inefficient combustion and excessive creosote buildup in the chimney. Seasoned wood has been allowed to dry, typically for a year or more, reducing its moisture content to around 20% or lower.
How to Identify Seasoned Wood:
Check the Color: Seasoned wood tends to have cracks and checks, and it’s typically lighter in color compared to fresh wood.
Knock Two Pieces Together: Seasoned wood produces a hollow, resonant sound when two pieces are knocked together, while green wood produces a dull thud.
Feel the Weight: Seasoned wood is lighter than freshly cut wood.
Buying Firewood
Purchase Considerations
When buying firewood, keep these factors in mind:
Cord Measurement: Firewood is typically sold by the cord, a standard unit of measurement. A full cord measures 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long.
Delivery and Storage: Determine whether the seller offers delivery and whether you have adequate storage for the amount you purchase.
Ask About Species: Inquire about the wood species. Some species are preferred for their heat content and low creosote production.
Inspect the Wood: Examine the wood before purchase to ensure it’s properly seasoned and of good quality.
Check Local Regulations: Be aware of any local regulations or restrictions on transporting or storing firewood, especially if it’s from a different area.
Environmental Considerations
When buying firewood, consider the environmental impact:
Buy Local: Purchasing wood from local sources helps reduce the risk of transporting invasive pests.
Avoid Treated or Painted Wood: Ensure that the firewood you buy is free from chemicals, paint, or other contaminants that can produce harmful fumes when burned.
Responsible Harvesting: If you’re sourcing your own wood, do so responsibly, and consider reforestation efforts.
In conclusion, choosing the right firewood is essential for safe, efficient, and environmentally responsible wood burning. Understanding the differences between hardwood and softwood, the importance of seasoned wood, and purchasing considerations will help you make an informed decision when buying firewood for your wood-burning stove or fireplace.