Wood-burning stoves, especially outdoor wood burning furnaces, are gaining popularity for their efficiency and eco-friendly heating. In this article, we’ll explore the technical aspects and practical insights into outdoor wood burning furnaces, aiming to cater to both technical enthusiasts and those new to the subject.
What is an Outdoor Wood Burning Furnace?
An outdoor wood burning furnace, often called an OWF, is a standalone unit designed to heat water, which is then circulated into a building through pipes. They’re a popular choice for those in rural areas with easy access to wood, as they can efficiently heat large spaces while minimizing indoor air quality concerns associated with indoor wood stoves.
Key Components and Technical Features
Understanding the core components of an OWF is essential for its proper utilization and maintenance:
1. Firebox
The firebox is where the wood is burned. It’s crucial to note that OWFs are typically designed to burn seasoned hardwoods, as they produce less creosote and burn more efficiently. The firebox’s size determines how much wood can be loaded at once, impacting heating capacity and burn times.
2. Heat Exchanger
The heat exchanger is a system of pipes or plates that transfer the heat from the firebox to the water. The heat exchange efficiency directly impacts the furnace’s overall performance.
3. Water Circulation System
A pump is used to circulate the heated water from the furnace to the building. Piping, valves, and expansion tanks ensure efficient and safe water flow.
4. Combustion Air Control
Some OWFs have advanced combustion air control systems to optimize burning efficiency. Proper air control helps reduce emissions and fuel consumption.
5. Emission Control
Emission control technologies, like catalytic converters, may be integrated to minimize the release of pollutants and particulate matter into the atmosphere, making OWFs more environmentally friendly.
6. Thermal Storage
Some OWFs feature thermal storage tanks to store excess heat, allowing for consistent heating even when the fire is not actively burning.
Installation and Maintenance
Proper installation and regular maintenance are key to ensuring the longevity and efficiency of your outdoor wood burning furnace.
Installation Tips
Site Selection: Choose a location with adequate clearance from structures, following manufacturer guidelines. Ensure proper drainage to prevent water damage.
Chimney or Venting: Install the chimney or vent system according to local building codes and manufacturer instructions.
Insulation: Properly insulate the pipes to minimize heat loss during water circulation.
Maintenance Guidelines
Regular Cleaning: Clean the firebox and heat exchanger regularly to remove ash and creosote buildup. This maintenance ensures efficient heat transfer.
Annual Inspection: Schedule an annual professional inspection to identify and address potential issues.
Water Quality: Use softened water to prevent scale buildup in the heat exchanger and pipes, which can decrease efficiency.
Operational Best Practices
To make the most of your OWF, consider the following tips:
Fuel Selection: Burn only dry, seasoned wood to maximize efficiency and minimize emissions.
Proper Loading: Don’t overload the firebox; follow the manufacturer’s recommended load size for optimal combustion.
Temperature Control: Use the combustion air control to maintain a steady burn and prevent overheating.
Safety: Always have a working fire extinguisher nearby and install carbon monoxide detectors inside the building.
Join the OWF Community
For further insights, troubleshooting, and discussions about outdoor wood burning furnaces, consider joining an online forum dedicated to this topic. Engaging with experienced users can be invaluable in understanding the nuances and technicalities of these systems.
In summary, outdoor wood burning furnaces offer an efficient and eco-friendly way to heat homes and buildings. Understanding their technical aspects, proper installation, and regular maintenance is essential for safe and efficient operation. Whether you’re a seasoned user or just beginning your journey, these insights will help you make the most of your OWF while minimizing its environmental impact.